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Last year, FIRElaunched the Free Speech Dispatch, a regular series covering new and continuing censorship trends and challenges around the world. Our goal is to help readers better understand the global context of free expression. Want to make sure you don’t miss an update? Sign up for our newsletter. 

Kneecap spurs controversy in the U.S. and investigation in the UK as narcocorridos controversy roils Mexico

Belfast trio Kneecap’s public statements at Coachella and earlier concerts have caused an international stir, and now even the UK’s counter-terrorism police are involved. 

The band, already no stranger to , provoked it once again during its Coachella performances by  the message, “Israel is committing genocide … enabled by the US,” adding, “Fuck Israel. Free Palestine.”

In the following days, they were uninvited from music festivals in Germany as well as split with their booking agency in the U.S.,  that the band is likely to face work-visa issues in its upcoming American tour. (And, given the Trump administration’s current track record on the subject, it would not be surprising to see them face visa challenges on the basis of their expression.) 

In addition to the Coachella dustup, the group’s past  have stirred new threats of legal action in the UK, specifically an “Up Hamas, up Hezbollah” chant at a 2024 gig and a band member’s comment at a show the year prior: “The only good Tory is a dead Tory. Kill your local MP.”

Metropolitan police  videos of both comments “were referred to the Counter Terrorism Internet Referral Unit for assessment by specialist officers, who have determined there are grounds for further investigation into potential offences linked to both videos.” A UK government spokesperson also  that authorities will “work with the police and parliament to do everything in our power to crack down on threats to elected officials.” (In the U.S., these comments would not meet either the incitement standard or qualify as material support for terrorism, and would be protected by the First Amendment.) And British politicians have  including for their disinvitation from Glastonbury as well as prosecution for the “Kill your local MP” remark. 

A group of artists including Massive Attack and Pulp  a statement against what they called a “clear, concerted attempt to censor and ultimately deplatform the band Kneecap.” The band also  to what it calls a “smear campaign” to “manufacture moral hysteria” but asserted they “do not, and have never, supported Hamas or Hezbollah” and would not “seek to incite violence against any MP or individual. Ever.”

Some similar questions are at play in Mexico over narcocorridos, ballads about drug trafficking. Mexican President Claudia Sheinbaum  her “position is that it should not be banned, but that other music should be promoted.” In recent weeks, though, some Mexican states have taken  against the genre.

And last month, U.S. Deputy Secretary of State Christopher Landau  on X that the State Department revoked the visas of a band who “portrayed images glorifying drug kingpin ‘El Mencho’” at a concert in Mexico. “I’m a firm believer in freedom of expression,” Landau wrote, “but that doesn’t mean that expression should be free of consequences.”

The band, Los Alegres del Barranco, may also be facing criminal  in Mexico “for allegedly promoting criminal activity.”

The UK’s blasphemy debate is still going 

Kneecap’s political commentary isn’t the only free expression controversy in the UK. As I’ve discussed in previous dispatches, UK-based activists have set off global controversies in recent months with public Quran burnings resulting in criminal charges. 

The Crown Prosecution Service received well-deserved  over its decision to charge a man who burned a Quran outside the Turkish consulate in London with intent to cause “harassment, alarm or distress” against “the religious institution of Islam.” There is no other way to put it: protecting a religious institution from “distress” is a blatant blasphemy law.

In response to critics, the CPS  the charge was “incorrectly applied” and has substituted a different charge, a public order offense “on the basis that his actions caused harassment, alarm or distress — which is a criminal offence — and that this was motivated by hostility towards a religious or racial group.” 

This prosecution, however, remains a serious threat to free expression and the public  around it suggests this matter is far from settled. In an exchange on X, one member of parliament chastised another for “invest[ing] so much energy into advocating for the right to offend a minority community” and warned that free expression “comes with limitations and protections.”

From Xi’s critics to Israeli protests, political speech is under attack

• In a recent episode of his HBO show “The Rehearsal,” Nathan Fielder  Paramount+ removed an older “Nathan for You” episode from streaming everywhere after Paramount+ Germany became “uncomfortable with what they called anything that touches on antisemitism in the aftermath of the Israel/Hamas attacks.” That episode focused on Fielder’s satirical pitch for a winter coat company to compete with a real life brand affiliated with a Holocaust denier. (From the , Fielder “likely raised millions of dollars toward Holocaust awareness.”)
• Israeli police temporarily  organizers of a Tel Aviv protest that demonstrators could not use images of Palestinian children and terms like “genocide” and “ethnic cleansing” in protest signs.
• A new Human Rights Watch  finds that Vietnam is ramping up enforcement of its law targeting expression “infringing of state interests.” Now “authorities have enlarged the scope and application of article 331 so that it reaches much further into society, beyond human rights and democracy dissidents — most of whom are now in prison — to all those publicly voicing grievances.”
• A Thai appeals court  a democracy activist to two years in prison for violating the country’s harsh lese-majeste law. In 2022, she posted on Facebook, “The government is shit, the institution is shit.”
• Paul Chambers, the American academic charged with lese-majeste in Thailand, received good news but he’s not out of the woods yet. Prosecutors  they declined to pursue the charges against him but that decision will face further review.
• At April’s Semafor World Economy Summit, Netflix Co-CEO Ted Sarandos  that the company previously attempted to build a presence in China but “in three years, not a single episode of a single Netflix show cleared the censorship board.”

• China has  another “Bridge Man.” In an incident  that set off a global protest movement in 2022, an activist hung banners calling for political reform over a bridge outside Chengdu last month and was quickly detained — and his whereabouts are now unknown.

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• An  of China’s transnational repression methods from the International Consortium of Investigative Journalists found that during “at least seven of Xi’s 31 international trips between 2019 and 2024, local law enforcement infringed on dozens of protesters’ rights in order to shield the Chinese president from dissent, detaining or arresting activists, often for spurious reasons.”
• Last month, the U.S. Department of Justice  that, at the DOJ’s request, Serbian law enforcement arrested two men alleged to have “coordinated and directed a conspiracy to harass, intimidate, and threaten” a Los Angeles-based critic of Xi Jinping.
• Hong Kong’s national security police  family members of the U.S.-based activist Anna Kwok, who is wanted under the city’s national security law, for handling her “funds or other financial assets.”

Conflict with Pakistan brings spike in India’s censorship 

India’s censorship, especially on the internet, is a persistent threat to free expression, and the country’s recent flare-up with Pakistan has worsened the situation.     for “anti-India comments” on social media and “content supporting Pakistan.”

In a May 8 notice, the Ministry of Information and Broadcasting  all social media sites and streaming services to “discontinue” content “having its origins in Pakistan with immediate effect.”

At the government’s request, Meta  the 6.7 million follower Instagram account @Muslim, one of “the most followed Muslim news sources on Instagram.” X, too,  it received orders to block over 8,000 users in the country, including “accounts belonging to international news organizations and prominent X users.” X complied and said “due to legal restrictions, we are unable to publish the executive orders at this time” but is exploring avenues to respond. 

YouTube, too, is a target. Officials  over a dozen Pakistani YoutTube channels for “disseminating provocative and communally sensitive content, false and misleading narratives and misinformation against India.” India’s Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology also  access to The Wire, an independent news site, throughout the country.

The latest wins, losses, and challenges for free speech in tech

• It’s not all bad news for free expression in India. This month, India’s Supreme Court  a ruling from the Delhi High Court ordering Wikipedia to take down a Wiki page amidst Asian News International’s lawsuit against the Wikimedia Foundation.
• The Wikimedia Foundation is also taking on the UK’s Online Safety Act. The foundation is specifically  the act’s Categorisation Regulations, which “are written broadly enough that they could place Wikipedia as a ‘Category 1 service’ — a platform posing the highest possible level of risk to the public.” Among Wikimedia’s objections are the risks this classification poses to its users’ privacy and anonymity.
• Meta secured a significant victory against Israeli spyware company NSO Group, with a jury  $168 million in damages. The NSO Group was accused of exploiting Meta’s WhatsApp to install its Pegasus spyware , which has been used in high profile hacks of lawyers, journalists, and activists, into over a thousand phones.
• X, a regular target of Turkish censorship orders,  with an order to block the account of imprisoned Istanbul Mayor Ekrem Imamoglu, a rival of President Recep Tayyip Erdogan. X says it is challenging the order.
• Bluesky has complied with Turkish orders, too. The platform  access to dozens of accounts in the country on “national security and public order” grounds.
• Russia  internet access in regions of the country ahead of its “Victory Day” celebrations on May 9. “We want the glorious Victory Day to be celebrated at the appropriate level,” Kremlin spokesman Dmitry Peskov said of the shutdowns.

U.S. embassy warns Stockholm against ‘promoting DEI’

Stockholm announced this month that it was surprised to receive a “bizarre”  from the U.S. embassy in the city. The letter, copies of which went to contractors abroad who work with the federal government, told Stockholm’s planning office to “certify that they do not operate any programs promoting DEI that violate any applicable anti-discrimination laws.” Companies in Europe have reported receiving these letters, but Stockholm’s planning office is the first government agency known to have received one. Officials  that they would not be complying.

Embassies’ efforts to interfere with expression abroad are an issue I discuss at length in my forthcoming book, . In 2021, for example, the Chinese embassy unsuccessfully  the Italian city of Brescia to cancel an art exhibition it claimed would “endanger the friendly relations between Italy and China” because it was “full of anti-Chinese lies.”

How press freedom is faring today

• Argentine President Javier Milei is  three journalists for defamation for their criticism of him, including a column comparing current events with the rise of Nazism and comments calling him an “authoritarian” and a “despot.”
• Swedish journalist Joakim Medin was hit with an 11-month suspended  for insulting the Turkish president and is awaiting a trial on terrorism charges. Medin says he was not even in the country when the alleged conduct took place.
• Israel’s Attorney General Gali Baharav-Miara  government agencies that their boycott of the media outlet Hareetz over its coverage of the Israel-Hamas war “was conducted through an improper process that cannot be upheld legally.”
• Former Sinn Féin leader Gerry Adams’ libel suit  the BBC over reporting that he sanctioned a killing in 2006 is underway. BBC says the reporting followed its editorial standards.
• Two reporters were  in Macau, a special administrative region of China, for allegedly “disrupting the operations” of authorities after trying to report on a legislative debate.
• Four Russian journalists  of having ties to Alexey Navalny were sentenced to over five years in a prison colony last month.
• Palestinian President Mahmoud Abbas  the ban on Al Jazeera, permitting it to resume reporting, after it banned the outlet in January on incitement allegations.

Finally, some good news for a victim of blasphemy laws

Mubarak Bala, a Nigerian  initially sentenced to 24 years in prison, is finally tasting freedom upon being released after spending over four years in prison. Mubarak still feared mob violence after his release, and was forced to live in a  due to threats. 

But Bala has now  in Germany, where he is set to begin a residency at Humanistische Vereinigung. “No longer do I dread the routine sounds of the locks, nor the dark, certainly not the extreme weather, too hot or too cold, no longer ill, no longer hungry, no longer lonely, and no longer dreading that the marauders are coming across the fence, to drag me out and behead me,” Bala said in a statement.

The Community Court of the Economic Community of West African States, a high court governing 12 African nations including Nigeria,  last month that a blasphemy statute used to prosecute Bala must be struck down. The Kano State government, however,  its blasphemy laws and said it “will not allow religious liberty to be weaponized as a cover for sacrilege, insult, and provocation.”